tackling work-related violence can help small and medium-sized businesses reduce risks and improve efficiency.

The message came from a set of case studies published by the Health and Safety Executive, entitled Work-related Violence: Managing the Risk in Smaller Businesses.

A pizza delivery business, convenience store, drug drop-in centre and nightclub are all included in the examples.

Bill Callaghan, chairman of the Health and Safety Commission, said work-related violence cost employers dear through sick days, staff turnover, higher insurance premiums and compensation payments.

Workers may suffer not only physical injuries, he said, but also anxiety and stress.

Smaller businesses could be particularly badly affected because of their lower profit margins, he added.

"Violence at work is totally unacceptable and employers have a duty under health and safety law to take action to tackle the problem which has devastating consequences for the victims and real financial costs for their employers," Mr Callaghan said.

"Many smaller businesses manage the risk of violence very successfully. They have reduced the potential for violence and increased their ability to deal with difficult situations.

"These businesses are likely to be more efficient, profitable and able to recruit and retain high-quality staff."

Copes of the case studies, which is priced £9.50, can be ordered from www.

hsebooks.co.uk or on 01787 881165.